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fAmity Institute of Organic Agriculture. Insect pest problems on cowpeas can be reduced by use of strategies which involve ecological manipulations. endstream endobj 445 0 obj <>/Metadata 93 0 R/Pages 440 0 R/StructTreeRoot 175 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 446 0 obj <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 447 0 obj <>stream This method of cultural control requires cooperation of from neighboring producers. For example, crop rotation - replacing a susceptible crop with a less susceptible crop; and changing irrigation practices - less watering can . cultural control can be broadly divided into three categories: (1) practices that are usually applied for agricultural purposes not related to crop protection but that can have a direct or indirect, positive or negative, effect on pest and disease incidence, such as greenhouse climate control, fertilization, irrigation as well as crop density, There is a lack of public awareness or access to genetic modification as a means of reducing pest damage. need and correct timing of control methods, including pesticide applications. Pest control is an efficient way to prevent pests that can potentially cause health issues and structural damage on property. Mechanical control methods can also be used to expedite manual harvesting3 activities, including hand harvesting, raking, and cut stump control, with the use of motor-driven machinery (Haller 2009; Lembi 2009). 3 0 obj Prevention & Cultural Methods for Pest Management By using preventative and cultural pest management practices, the gardener or landscaper can achieve more consistent, long-term pest management. Crop Rotation Certain pests are more common in some crops than in others. Genetic Method. The manipulation of cultural practices at an appropriate time for reducing or avoiding pest damage to crops is known as cultural control. endobj Other products used in organic pest control are oil sprays, parasitic nematodes, floating row covers, insecticidal soap, etc. Top Rated. natural enemies predators, parasites, pathogens, and competitorsto control pests and their damage. WA61[]l~AW7r>d+:cYe&hbFqAl,,G@''|p|c1z4n^{Z*~pnv 5. 0 "Cultural control" on the other hand, is the deliberate alteration of the production system, either the cropping system itself or specific crop production practices, to reduce pest populations or avoid pest injury to crops (Ashdown, 1977). Write in brief the causes for pest outbreak C5. G|rai]B9w|?Ko8HU_|.zQ It relies on predation, parasitism, herbivory, parasitody or other natural mechanisms, but typically also involves an active human management role. Parts (b), (c), and (d) give specific mechanical and physical methods that MAY be used for the control of pests, weeds, and disease problems, respectively. will pro - vide information about the status of both pest and benefi - cial populations. "xs!&F@#: L Chemical Pest Control. Every method of weed control has its own advantages and disadvantages. For example, cereal crops like maize or sorghum are often infested by stem borers.Grasses planted around the perimeter of the crop attract and trap the pests, whereas other plants, like Desmodium, planted between the rows of maize, repel the pests and . 15 0 obj Prevention and cultural methods for pest management. Packaging is also a physical barrier that prevents or impedes infestations by insects. Cultural Methods Of Pest Control In Integrated Pest Management Strategies. Controlling Plant Disease: Method # 1. This method is effective for single pest only. determine pest activity and identify the causes of the infestation; Queen Salote of Tonga, Smiles in the Rain. Cultural Control - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. de#rat%on 2e&#&, e.cess%!e cult%!at%on, suer (allo'%n#, "urn%n# o( cro$ res%dues, (lood%n#, destruct%on o( uncult%!ated areas conta%n%n# alternat%!e hosts o(, Cultural controls e$lo) $ract%ces that a-e the en!%ronent less attract%!e to, that $roote the $est:s natural controls& The o"9ect%!e %s to ache%!e reduct%on %n, STRATE;IES ON /HICH CULTURAL PRACTICES ARE ASED8, o!%$os%t%on $re(erences, host $lant d%scr%%nat%on or, %%3 Ma-e the cro$ una!a%la"le to the $est %n, alter%n# the cro$:s susce$t%"%l%t) to the $est&, -no'led#e o( cro$ and $est "%olo#), ecolo#) and $henolo#), and o( the 'ea- l%n-s, Cultural controls are #enerall) the chea$est o( all control easures, usuall) onl) re1u%re od%(%cat%ons to noral $roduct%on $ract%ces& Soet%es the), do not e!en re1u%re e.tra la"our, onl) care(ul $lann%n#& O(ten the) are the onl), control easures that are $ro(%ta"le (or h%#h acrea#e, Cultural controls are de$enda"le, and are usuall) s$ec%(%c& O( a9or %, nael) the creat%on o( res%stance to $est%c%des, undes%ra"le res%dues %n (ood, (. In this month's Penn State Extension - The Vegetable & Small Fruit Gazette, Mike Orzolek reviews methods & practices for weed control. IPM does this by utilizing a variety of methods and techniques, including cultural, endobj Many a time, a combination of these methods gives effective and economic control than a single method. Insect pest control methods pdf This is the final report for VG0514 titled 'Native vegetation to enhance biodiversity, beneficial insects and pest control in horticulture systems' which summarised the key findings and outlines plans for future research and industry adoption of integrating Insect pest control services, Geelong Whatever the pest, Geelong, Bellarine and Surfcoast Pest No single method is successful under all weed situations. less reliance on pesticides by effective use of non-chemical methods, including biological, cultural, behavioural, and mechanical control endstream endobj startxref Methods of detection and diagnosis of insect pest and diseases. Pest control tactics may include: host resistance, biological control, cultural control, mechanical control, sanitation, and chemical (pesticide) control. From M. Kogan 1986 Functional Mechanisms impediments to pest colonization of the crop The goal of cultural control is to make the crop environment less suitable for insect pests. There are no visible results observed. ii) Make the crop unavailable to the pest in space and time by utilizing knowledge (l Lp!g Sl0a=pm=2Un);Yf7o O#NPk$)&00YLI{d5G(- Hq\hVzAn%!. A healthy garden helps ensure healthy crops, and healthy crops are less susceptible to pest damage. What are the three rules for pest . A number of preventative measures can be taken to reduce the likelihood of certain pests becoming a problem. hbbd``b`z$q &A B D5 Using the insect itself to raise death rates is a kind of genetic control known as "autocide.". Cultural practices include mulching, soil solarization with plastic film, thermal weed control (e.g., flaming, hot water, and steam), prescribed burning, water manipulation, and prescribed grazing with domesticated herbivores (e.g., cattle, sheep, goats, and horses). Trap Cropping Trap cropping might be the most strategic method out there. Electronic Pest Control. C4. This method is used to reduce pest infestation through the removal of breeding and hibernating sites.Sanitation has broad applicability,to be most effective,it requires knowledge of the habits . su"st%tutes (or $est%c%des8 horones, se. After the harvest, the whole field is burnt to kill any harmful species including eggs which may have been left. 470 0 obj <>stream Cultural control methods include properly selecting and rotating crops, sanitizing and solarizing the soil, choosing the best planting and harvest times, using resistant varieties and certified plants, taking advantage of allelopathy, and intercropping. Pest control methods in food industry pdf In October 2015, Rentokil and Steritech, two of the leading pest control companies in the U.S., merged to form one company, Rentokil Steritech, dedicated to providing customers with the very best pest prevention solutions. It is not until part (e) where the regulations allow for the use Fungal spores that attack insects are an fAmity Institute of Organic Agriculture. 1. Removal methods include handpicking (which is usually followed by destruction), use of traps , water pressure sprays, and insect vacuums. Das Gupta International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics Patancheru 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India . Give a diagrammatic representation of various components of IPM C7. Mechanical Methods of IPM (Integrated Pest Management) with advantages and limitations Mechanical pest control is the management and control of pests using physical means such as fences, barriers or electronic wires. J.)yts;f]N)1Ms%\ylu:p\$B8Z_VFwL +]ijZn*Zli,6eQkxB,Tf cE" 2. For instance, timing, sanitation, and mulching may be used together to reduce pest problems. (fldkR~`1,E78 {e You want your greenhouse to be as inhospitable to pests as . Netting Netting is a cultural pest control method that is used as a physical barrier to protect plants are fruits from insects, birds, wasps, and other pests. ;>VUe8 [m=5/2hcmj\:W:^seKq^-36L7$~Lm$4h@lrSnt2iF'3!p% This type of pest control will surely clean your field to the core. Mention any eight farm level cultural practices with examples WISH YOU ALL THE BEST Most specific insect control methods can be classified into the following major categories: cultural control, host resistance, physical control, mechanical control . hT[k0+z..RH>,. row covers. Some examples of physical and mechanical pest controls include: tillage. Cultural methods of pest control consist of regular farm operations in such a way which either destroy the pests or prevent them from causing economic loss. Mechanical control can be accomplished as the follows 1. An effective weed management program includes the use of both cultural . 3. Sodium fluoroacetate (FCHCONa) is a biodegradable poison mixed into baits to eradicate a range of pests. A Review of Cultural Weed Control Practices. )*handed %nter!ent%ons that can result %n. hb```Vk!b`0pLRq2f`m(~W8|'BKnq/WDI/pCFt40vt0pt4p aN@7Hs X$d_=+ g@$ 8 44C7@U @ Crop rotation is a valuable cultural method of reducing insect and disease problems, but many gardeners do not have enough space to implement this practice. 590 0 obj <> endobj Slight modification in the crop rotation, weed control, disposal of crop remnants, resistant varieties, time of planting and harvesting may prove important in combating some insect pests. Methods of control: Host plant resistance 7. Most of the time, chemical pest control is considered to be the first line of defence against most types of pests, including domestic ones. Biological and . 603 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<04C5BA7D21167646908F8B3E9E3304F2>]/Index[590 20]/Info 589 0 R/Length 70/Prev 622494/Root 591 0 R/Size 610/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Biologicals can be used in the form of natural predators and parasites or as sprays to inhibit the growth of pathogens or cause death to the pest. However, when the use of pesticides increased, the use of cultural methods decreased. Download reference work entry PDF Cultural control is using the production or utilization methods of a commodity with a concern for insect management. Here are six cultural pest control methods to help you: 1) Keep your greenhouse clean to thwart pests. <> Cultural Control. Dr. Chitranjan Kumar Sharma. %%EOF Biological control . flooding. Goal 3: Removal. A well-defined Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program is based on prevention, monitoring, and control that will eliminate or drastically reduce the use of pesticides. endobj This method is safe for application. method of pest management in which you become the "tool." Removing infested plant parts and insects can be effective for certain pests. Basics of Cultural Control of Rice Insect Pests Lesson 1 - Definition of cultural control Objective Define cultural control, and understand its advantages and disadvantages, and scale of adoption required to derive benefit. 17 An . Cultural Control Surprisingly simple modifications of a pest's environment or habitat often prove to be effective methods of pest control. By preventing pest problems, the 2 0 obj Pest control can help property owners to. These management techniques for plants rarely result in localized eradication of the XGz`CTmv];8c5cOm4m==(je]w?kiUs8xd endstream endobj startxref 2and the assoc%ated e.$and%n# or#an%c (ood ar-et3, Pest control sc%ent%sts ha!e res$onded to th%s s%tuat%on ") $root%n# a $h%loso$h). Calculation and dynamics of economic injury level and importance of Economic threshold level. It can also be used to reduce pest numbers and damage. Cultural controls are practices that reduce pest establishment, reproduction, dispersal, and survival. One should not expect rotation to eliminate disease development, but it certainly aids in reducing damage from most diseases. physical and cultural controls, are not able to control pest populations, the option of last resort is the use of allowed pesticides. It [] ?:Hev +2(zoB!!r;BZmVRvJS:^E/8D% k'`)yo `pudp=dr;]AJCGy;34MMMg1}:GaH[5nwh Q:{kn>ZuDE;>v/69FW0o ad+H ^uv3H svQ|?\ekg[@mPU}EAraUM ~;& CULTURAL METHODS OF PEST, PRIMARILY INSECT, CONTROL, DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd, 0% found this document useful, Mark this document as useful, 0% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful, Save CULTURAL METHODS OF PEST, PRIMARILY INSECT, CONTRO For Later, Cultural controls are the oldest ethods that ha!e "een used, 'ere ra$%dl) a"andoned or de*e$has%+ed and research on the 'as, d%scont%nued& ecause cultural controls are $re!entat%!e rather, are de$endent on lon#*ran#e $lann%n#& Also, "ecause the) are, en!%ronent relat%onsh%$s, ost o( 'h%ch, %n the $ast, 'ere $oorl) understood, the, ore rel%a"le and less -no'led#e* and s-%ll* de$endent to.%c che%cal solut%ons to, deand%n# reduced de$endence on to.%c che%cals to sol!e $ro"les& Such, res%dues %n recreat%onal en!%ronents, dr%n-%n# 'ater, (oods and, the #ro'%n# %nterest %n the relat%onsh%$s "et'een (ood 1ual%t) and huan health.

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